The cds exam is one of India’s most prestigious entry routes into the Armed Forces, and mastering the cds syllabus is essential for achieving success. As part of the combined defence services, this exam opens opportunities for IMA, INA, AFA, and OTA aspirants who aim to serve the nation with pride. With increasing competition every year, understanding the exam structure and preparing systematically has become more crucial than ever. This guide covers the complete syllabus, exam pattern, subject-wise details, important topics, and strategic preparation tips. Whether you are beginning your journey or revising for upcoming attempts, a clear roadmap helps enhance accuracy and confidence. The  syllabus is vast, but with the right approach and consistent practice, every aspirant can strengthen their foundation and aim for a successful career through the recruitment process.

Exam Overview Table

The exam overview table gives a quick snapshot of the cds exam, including its mode, papers, and eligibility criteria. It helps candidates understand the basic structure of exam

Exam Pattern

The cds exam pattern includes papers in English, GK, and Mathematics, giving cds aspirants a clear structure to follow. It helps candidates align their study plan with the cds syllabus for better preparation.

1. IMA/INA/AFA Exam Pattern

2. OTA Exam Pattern

Subject-Wise Syllabus

1. English

The cds syllabus for English assesses grammar, comprehension, sentence structure, vocabulary, para jumbles, error detection, synonyms, antonyms, and reading ability. Candidates must practice daily to strengthen accuracy and speed.

2. General Knowledge

This section includes Indian Polity, Economy, Geography, Modern & Ancient History, Science, Defence Affairs, Environmental Studies, Current Affairs, and international developments. The syllabus emphasizes conceptual clarity and regular updates.

3. Mathematics

The syllabus for Mathematics covers Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Trigonometry, Mensuration, Statistics, Number System, Time & Work, and Time & Distance. Consistent practice helps in scoring high in this scoring section.

Important Topics & Weightage

Understanding the important topics and their weightage in the cds exam helps candidates plan a focused strategy based on the cds syllabus. In the combined defence services written test, English, General Knowledge, and Mathematics carry equal importance for IMA, INA, and AFA, while OTA includes only English and GK. 

1. English Weightage

2. General Knowledge Weightage

3. Mathematics Weightage

 Conclusion

Success in the cds exam becomes achievable when aspirants prepare with clarity, discipline, and determination. Understanding the cds syllabus thoroughly helps you plan better and stay focused throughout your preparation journey. The exam is competitive, but with the right mindset and consistent practice, every aspirant can aim confidently for selection. Use this guide to build a strong foundation, follow smart strategies, and stay motivated as you move closer to your goal of joining the prestigious Indian Armed Forces through the  recruitment pathway. 

 Frequently Asked Questions

Q1️ What is the CDS exam?
It is a national-level exam conducted by UPSC to recruit officers for the Army, Navy, and Air Force.

Q2️ Who can apply for the exam?
Any graduate who meets age, nationality, and educational criteria can apply for the exam.

Q3️ How important is the CDS syllabus for preparation?
The CDS syllabus helps aspirants understand important topics and plan an effective study strategy for the  exam.

Q4️ What subjects are included in the syllabus?
The  syllabus includes English, General Knowledge, and Mathematics for IMA/INA/AFA, and English + GK for OTA.

Q5️ How many times is the  exam conducted in a year?
UPSC conducts the  exam twice every year — CDS I and CDS II.

Q6️ Is there negative marking in the  exam?
Yes, there is 1/3rd negative marking for every incorrect answer.

Q7️ Can women apply for the exam?
Yes, women can apply for the exam, but only for OTA.

Q8️ Is Mathematics compulsory in the exam?
Mathematics is compulsory only for IMA, INA, and AFA aspirants as per the official CDS syllabus.

Q9️ How should I start preparing for the CDS ?
Start by analyzing the  syllabus, making a study timetable, solving previous papers, and practising mock tests regularly.

Q10  What is the age limit for the CDS ?
The age limit for the CDS is generally 19 to 25 years, depending on the defence academy you choose.

Q1️1️ Does the CDS syllabus change every year?
The  syllabus remains mostly the same, though the difficulty level of the exam may vary slightly.

Q1️2️ What is the selection process of the CDS ?
The  exam involves Written Test, followed by SSB Interview, Medical Test, and Final Merit List.

Q1️3️ Are final-year students eligible for the Combined Defence Services exam?
Yes, final-year students can apply for the exam, but they must have proof of graduation before joining the academy.

Q1️4️ What books should I follow for the Exam?
NCERT books, English grammar guides, defence current affairs materials, and quantitative aptitude books help cover the  syllabus effectively.

Q1️5️ Is coaching required to clear the exam?
Coaching is not compulsory. With proper understanding of the CDS syllabus, smart practice, and time management, self-study can also help crack the  exam.

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