Pure rainwater is neutral (pH 7), but acid rain has lower pH due to pollution.

Drip irrigation saves water by delivering it directly to plant roots.

Sound intensity is measured in decibels (dB); >85 dB is harmful.

Incomplete combustion in engines releases toxic CO gas.

CO₂ traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming.

Trees prevent soil erosion; deforestation removes this natural barrier.

: Western Ghats is one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots.

Biotic components are living things; bacteria are microorganisms and thus biotic.

: Violet has the shortest wavelength in visible light.

: An electric motor uses electricity to create motion.

Convex mirrors provide a wider field of view.

Matchsticks contain sulphur for ignition.

CO₂ reacts with limewater (calcium hydroxide) forming calcium carbonate.

WBCs are the immune cells that defend the body against infections.

Gopi Chand Bhargava of the Indian National Congress became the first Chief Minister of East Punjab in 1947. Chandulal Trivedi served as its first Governor. East Punjab was formed after India’s independence, now comprising Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Punjab states.

Punjab’s state bird is the Baaz, also known as the Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). The Baaz symbolizes strength and bravery, and is closely associated with Sikh culture and history. It is a large, powerful raptor found in forests across northern India, including Punjab.

Muktsar, renowned for ‘Maghi da Mela’, was historically called ‘Khidane di Dhaab’. It commemorates Sikh history and the martyrdom of 40 Mukte in the Battle of Muktsar (1705). The city is significant in Punjab’s cultural and religious heritage.

Roshni Mela in Jagraon commemorates Baba Mohkam Din (d. 1913). The fair includes lighting of lamps, wrestling events, and folk performances at his tomb. Separate Roshni Mela in Ludhiana honors Shaikh Abdul Qadir Jilani, associated with the Qadiri Sufi tradition.

Chhapar Mela in Ludhiana, Punjab, commemorates Gugga Veer, a Chauhan Rajput revered as a snake deity. The festival, held annually on Anant Chaturdashi, attracts large crowds seeking his blessings for protection from snakebites, reflecting traditional beliefs and agrarian culture in the region.

After Sikhs’ victory over Afghan rule in 1764, Sirhind was renamed Fatehgarh Sahib by Maharaja Karam Singh of Patiala, who also built historic gurdwaras honoring Sikh martyrs. The town is now the district headquarters and an important Sikh pilgrimage site in Punjab.

Cow, buffalo, and goat are domesticated animals, while the tiger is a wild animal. Thus, tiger is the one that doesn't fit the group.

All numbers except 90 are perfect squares: 6² = 36, 7² = 49, 8² = 64, 9² = 81. 90 is not a perfect square, hence the odd one.

This is a cube analogy. 3³ = 27, so 5³ = 125. Hence, the answer is 125.

(5 + 3) = 8 → 8×3 = 24 (6+4) = 10 × 4 = 40 (7+5) = 12 × 5 = 60 → Answer is 60 Correction: Answer: A. 60

These numbers are squares of consecutive integers: 2²=4, 3²=9, 4²=16, 5²=25, so the missing number is 6² = 36, followed by 7² = 49.

Apple, banana, and mango are fruits, while carrot is a root vegetable. It is the only item not belonging to the fruit category, making it the odd one out

Each letter is incremented by 1: R → S, A → B, M → N. Similarly, K → L, I → J, T → U, E → F. Thus, KITE becomes LJUF.