This festival is celebrated in Udaipur and other parts of Rajasthan with fairs and prayers.

The marble-carved Dilwara Temples are located in Mount Abu.

Jodhpur is called the Sun City due to its bright weather throughout the year.

Kalbelia dance is performed by the Kalbelia tribe and resembles serpent movements.

Jaisalmer is the largest district in Rajasthan in terms of area.

Khetri in Jhunjhunu district is known for its copper mines.

Bikaner is a major center for wool production and processing.

While many dialects are spoken, Hindi is the official language.

Jaipur is a hub for traditional handcrafted lac bangles.

This vibrant event showcases camel races, folk music, and desert culture.

Kota is renowned for its coaching centers for IIT and medical entrance exams.

Rana Kumbha was a scholar-king and also a patron of Sanskrit literature.

He served as the first governor of Rajasthan post-independence.

Located in Jaipur, Jhalana is known for urban leopard conservation.

Also called Dhebar Lake, it was built by Maharana Jai Singh in 1685.

Kota, known for its coaching hubs, also leads in literacy rates in Rajasthan.

Xuanzang (Hiuen-Tsang) visited Punjab in 633 A.D., recording detailed observations on its society, religion, and educational systems during King Harshavardhana’s reign. He gives vivid description of Sirhind.

The Battle of Multan occurred on 22 January 1849 during the Second Anglo-Sikh War, leading to British capture of Multan and eventual annexation of Punjab. Multan’s fall marked a major British victory in North India.

Dal Khalsa was a Sikh military confederacy in Punjab. Each Misl was considered equal, and Sikhs were free to join any. Leaders like Kapur Singh and Jassa Singh Ahluwalia unified various Misls, consolidating Sikh power in the region.

In 1733, Zakarya Khan granted Kapur Singh the title of Nawab, in a conciliatory move after failing to suppress the Sikhs militarily. Kapur Singh became a prominent leader, serving as head of the Sarbat Khalsa, an assembly of Sikhs, which influenced Sikh political and military strategies thereafter.

Punjab’s first National Skill Training Institute for women was established in Mohali in 2018, offering vocational courses and benefiting skill development. The institute is part of the state’s initiatives to enhance women’s employability.

Antyodaya Anna Yojana, launched in 2000, supplies 35 kg wheat/month at ₹2/kg to Punjab’s lowest BPL families. Punjab Atta Dal Scheme provides 5 kg wheat and 0.5 kg dal to poor households but not at the same quantity or rate as Antyodaya Anna Yojana.

Bishan Singh Bedi was born on 25 September 1946 in Amritsar, Punjab. He was a legendary left-arm orthodox spinner, played 67 Tests for India, captained the team in 22, and was later honored with Arjuna, Khel Ratna, and Padma Bhushan awards.

Chicho Chick Ganerian is a traditional Indian mixed-gender game distinguished by the use of vertical lines. Kikli is a Punjabi folk dance, Cloth Game is a sit-and-chase children’s game, and Kho Kho is a popular tag sport.

Patiala Gharana, founded in late 19th century by Fateh Ali Khan and Ali Baksh Khan, is renowned for its intricate taans and layakari. It is the most prominent Hindustani classical Gharana from Punjab, influencing thumri, khayal, and ghazal traditions in North India.

Alahunian are Punjabi death songs sung during mourning, mainly by women, to praise the deceased’s virtues. These are led by a marashan. Such songs are distinct from celebratory Boliyan, romantic Heer, or narrative Jugni, and reflect Punjab’s unique mourning traditions.

Heer Ranjha is a classic Punjabi epic poem written by Waris Shah in 1766. Waris Shah, a celebrated Punjabi Sufi poet, immortalized the folk love story through his poetry. Other listed personalities did not write this epic.

Padma Shri recipient, renowned for Agniparikhya, was a retired Professor and Dean at Punjabi University, Patiala. Also authored Nange Pairan da Safar; received Sahitya Akademi Award (1971), Saraswati Samman (2001), and Punjabi Sahit Rattan Award (2008) for contribution to Punjabi literature.