The UP Human Rights Commission was formed under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It looks into violations of human rights by public servants. The commission can recommend actions but doesn’t have binding powers.

As per the 91st Constitutional Amendment (2003), the total number of ministers in a state cannot exceed 15% of the legislative assembly’s strength. In UP, this limit is around 60 ministers. This provision curbs unnecessary expansion of the cabinet.

This act provides legal provisions for the functioning of Nagar Nigams and municipalities in UP. It outlines powers, responsibilities, taxation, and structure. It was amended in accordance with the 74th Constitutional Amendment.

As per the 73rd Amendment and Panchayati Raj Act, Zila Panchayats have a fixed term of 5 years. They manage rural development at the district level. Members are elected through direct elections by voters.

The UP Lokayukta Act was enacted in 1973 to investigate corruption allegations against public servants and ministers. It functions independently of the government. The Lokayukta is appointed by the Governor in consultation with a committee.

The Delimitation Commission periodically redraws constituency boundaries based on the latest census. It ensures equal representation to growing populations. The last delimitation was done in 2008, freezing changes until 2026.

Allahabad High Court is the highest judicial body in Uttar Pradesh and one of the oldest in India. It has a principal bench in Prayagraj and a permanent bench in Lucknow. It deals with constitutional and civil matters.

The Election Commission of India (ECI), under Article 324, is responsible for conducting assembly and parliamentary elections. State Election Commissions handle local body polls. The ECI ensures free and fair elections across India.

The Governor is the ex-officio authority of both houses and can summon, prorogue, or dissolve the Legislative Assembly. He addresses the joint session at the beginning of a new legislative year. He does not preside but has overriding constitutional powers.

Article 169 empowers Parliament to create or abolish the Legislative Council of a state by law. Uttar Pradesh is among the few states with a bicameral legislature. Any change requires a resolution passed by the state assembly.

Direct tax is paid directly by individuals to the government.

Black money is earned through illegal or unreported means.

Goods and Services Tax is a dual tax shared by Centre and State.

Itanagar has been the capital of Arunachal Pradesh since 1974.

Budget deficit = government spends more than it earns.

The Reserve Bank of India controls inflation, interest rates, and money supply.

In a socialist economy, government controls means of production.

Tertiary sector includes services like banking, transport, education, etc.

Inflation decreases the purchasing power of money.

Economics deals with efficient allocation of limited resources to meet human wants.

RKVY funds agri-projects to boost productivity and infrastructure.

Health cover of ₹1.5 lakh for poor and needy citizens.

Aims to empower citizens through technology and online access.

UDAN = "Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik"; improves small-town air travel.

ODOP helps in marketing and branding of district-wise specialties.

: Umbrella scheme for women under two sub-schemes—Sambal and Samarthya.

"Saubhagya" stands for Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana.

National database for unorganised workers for future benefits.