Used to manage relational databases.

Used to manage relational databases.

Interface for software component interaction.

RAID 1 — redundancy through duplication.

Enables running larger programs than physical RAM.

Handles concurrent processes.

Enhances account security (e.g. code + password).

Network security barrier

deceitful emails/websites to steal info.

Protects privacy via secure tunneled connection.

AES — same key for encryption/decryption.

Translates human-friendly names to IPs.

Port 80 — standard web traffic.

End device in network communication.

Reliable, connection-oriented transport protocol.

Seven — layers from physical to application.

Maximum nodes in perfectly balanced tree.

Efficient, stable sort.

Logarithmic time — halving search space each step.

Hash map — fast lookups.

Explanation: Yogi Adityanath became the longest-serving Chief Minister in UP’s history by surpassing previous leaders like Sampurnanand. His second term and uninterrupted leadership since 2017 contribute to this record. His tenure is marked by policy and infrastructure reforms.

Explanation: The Chief Secretary is the top bureaucrat in the state and is appointed by the Chief Minister. Though officially under the Governor’s name, the appointment is made on CM’s advice. The role includes coordinating all administrative functions.

Explanation: Sucheta Kripalani became the first woman Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh in 1963. She was also the first woman to hold such a post in any Indian state. She played a significant role in the independence movement and in state politics.

Explanation: As per Article 155 of the Constitution, the Governor of a state is appointed by the President. The Governor is the nominal executive head of the state. He or she acts on the advice of the state’s Council of Ministers.

Explanation: Govind Ballabh Pant served as the first Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh from 1950 to 1954. He played a crucial role in integrating princely states into the Indian Union. His leadership laid the foundation for UP’s political structure.

Explanation: The State Election Commission conducts elections to urban local bodies and Panchayati Raj institutions, while the Election Commission of India handles Lok Sabha and Assembly elections. It ensures free and fair local governance in the state.

Explanation: Under Article 165, the Governor appoints the Advocate General, who is the highest law officer in the state. The AG advises the government on legal matters and represents it in court. He/she holds office at the Governor’s pleasure.

Explanation: Article 200 empowers the Governor to either assent, withhold, or reserve a bill for the President's consideration. This is done when the bill may contradict central laws or touch upon matters beyond state jurisdiction. It adds a layer of constitutional check.