Punjab Horticulture Department was established in 1979 - 80. It is presently located in Muktsar Sahib. This department developed Aloo-Bukhara Amritsari, which is a new variety of plum that is more sweet than sour, has high nutritive content and is free from stone.

Gram is a rabi crop. It is sown during September-November and harvested in February. It is commonly known as chick pea or Bengal gram. Largest production of gram is in Moga.

Ranjit Sagar Dam is named after Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the renowned ruler of Punjab. This dam is located in a gorge section near village Thein of Jammu and Kashmir and as such it is known as Thein Dam

The Early Stone Age sites are found in the valley of river Soan or Sohan in Punjab (now in Pakistan).

The maximum production of rice is in Kapurthala, Fatehgarh Sahib, Amritsar, Ludhiana, Patiala, Firozpur, Sangrur and Barnala district. Punjab has given the title of Rice Bowl of India.

Those forests which largely consists of inaccessible forests or unoccupied wastes, are known as unclassed forests.

Dry Deciduoud Scrub forests are mostly found in Kandi tract with predominant species like khair. Indian rosewood, silk cotton tree, amla, Indian ash tree, Indian mahogany, amaltas, etc.

West Bengal lies to the east of Bihar and affects its climate and monsoon patterns. Moist air from the Bay of Bengal brings rainfall. This influences agriculture and biodiversity.

Munger in Bihar has become a hub for Aloe Vera cultivation. This plant is used in cosmetics and herbal medicine. It grows well in dry, semi-arid climates.

Bihar experiences hot summers with temperatures often soaring up to 45°C. Heatwaves are common and affect public health. Proper hydration and shade become essential during this time.

The Gangetic Dolphin is India’s national aquatic animal and is endangered. It lives in freshwater rivers like the Ganga. Conservation in this sanctuary helps protect its population.

Located in Bhagalpur, this sanctuary protects the endangered Gangetic dolphin. It covers a stretch of the Ganga River. It is India's only dolphin sanctuary.

The Indo-Gangetic plains of Bihar are rich in alluvial soil. This soil is highly fertile and supports major crops like rice and wheat. It is deposited by rivers such as the Ganga and Kosi.

Valmiki National Park is Bihar’s only tiger reserve under Project Tiger. It shelters the Royal Bengal Tiger and many other species. The park supports vital conservation efforts in the Gangetic plains.

The Kosi River is called the "Sorrow of Bihar" due to its frequent floods. It changes its course often, leading to widespread displacement and biodiversity loss. Its unpredictable behavior causes major ecological and social impacts.

The council of elders played a key role in village decisions.

Upa were elders who assisted the chief.

Each village was ruled by a hereditary chief (Lal).

Jhum (shifting) cultivation was their traditional farming method.

He surveyed the Lushai Hills in 1854.

Mizoram was previously called the Lushai Hills district.

"Mi" means people, and "Zo" means highland.

Lusei (or Lushei) is the largest and most influential tribe.

Historical records suggest they migrated from China through Burma.

Mizos are the major tribe and original inhabitants of the region.

A widely read newspaper in Mizo language.

Hence, “people of the hills.”

Mizoram was once part of Assam.