Vikramshila University was established by Pala King Dharmapala and is located in Bhagalpur; it was a rival to Nalanda University.

Located in West Champaran, Valmiki Tiger Reserve is Bihar’s only tiger reserve and a vital part of Project Tiger.

The Barabar Caves near Gaya are the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India, built during Emperor Ashoka’s reign.

The Koshi Barrage near Bhimnagar was constructed to control flooding from the Kosi River, known as the "Sorrow of Bihar."

Sher Shah Suri’s majestic tomb is located in Sasaram, Bihar, and is an architectural marvel built in Indo-Afghan style.

Northern Haryana districts receive irrigation water from the Bhakra Nangal Canal System.

This motto reflects the university’s commitment to rigorous scientific inquiry.

Vitamin K is essential for synthesizing proteins involved in blood clotting, preventing excessive bleeding.

Bundelkhand has a rocky, less fertile terrain with granite outcrops and suffers from water scarcity and drought.

Locally known as the Saryu in places like Ayodhya, the Ghaghara is a Himalayan river and major Ganga tributary.

Ghaziabad, part of the NCR, has one of the highest population densities due to rapid urbanization and migration.

UP’s climate is characterized by hot summers, cool winters, and moderate rainfall, typical of the subtropical zone.

Singrauli in Sonbhadra is a major coal mining area, contributing significantly to UP’s energy sector.

Jhansi is a historic and strategic city that connects central UP to the Bundelkhand region.

The Ganga travels the longest distance through UP, covering about 1,145 km across the state.

Barasingha is native to UP’s Dudhwa forests and is the official state animal, representing its wildlife heritage.

The Vindhyan plateau extends into southern districts like Mirzapur, Chitrakoot, and Sonbhadra, making them rocky and mineral-rich.

Dudhwa National Park in Lakhimpur Kheri is a tiger reserve and a rich biodiversity hotspot in the Terai region.

Although forest cover is limited, efforts are ongoing to increase greenery, especially in Bundelkhand and Sonbhadra.

Located in Gorakhpur, Ramgarh Taal is the largest natural freshwater lake and a popular tourism and biodiversity site.

Sonbhadra is rich in coal reserves and is often called the "Energy Capital of India" due to several power plants.

The Terai belt, a marshy and forested region, lies adjacent to the Nepal border in northern UP.

The Betwa River flows through Jhansi and Hamirpur districts before merging with the Yamuna.

Due to its location in the Ganga basin, UP has fertile alluvial soils ideal for crop production.

The Doab is a fertile alluvial tract between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers and is agriculturally very rich

UP is mostly part of the Indo-Gangetic plain and has an average elevation of around 200 meters above sea level.

The Eastern plains receive water from Himalayan rivers like Ghaghara and Rapti, making them flood-prone every monsoon.