The UP Lokayukta Act was enacted in 1973 to investigate corruption allegations against public servants and ministers. It functions independently of the government. The Lokayukta is appointed by the Governor in consultation with a committee.

The Delimitation Commission periodically redraws constituency boundaries based on the latest census. It ensures equal representation to growing populations. The last delimitation was done in 2008, freezing changes until 2026.

Allahabad High Court is the highest judicial body in Uttar Pradesh and one of the oldest in India. It has a principal bench in Prayagraj and a permanent bench in Lucknow. It deals with constitutional and civil matters.

The Election Commission of India (ECI), under Article 324, is responsible for conducting assembly and parliamentary elections. State Election Commissions handle local body polls. The ECI ensures free and fair elections across India.

The Governor is the ex-officio authority of both houses and can summon, prorogue, or dissolve the Legislative Assembly. He addresses the joint session at the beginning of a new legislative year. He does not preside but has overriding constitutional powers.

Article 169 empowers Parliament to create or abolish the Legislative Council of a state by law. Uttar Pradesh is among the few states with a bicameral legislature. Any change requires a resolution passed by the state assembly.

Goods and Services Tax is a dual tax shared by Centre and State.

GDP is the total value of goods and services produced within a country in one year.

PMJDY aims to bring every citizen under the banking system.

NSAP provides pensions and grants to vulnerable groups.

State-level loan waiver scheme.

₹5 thali scheme for poor in Maharashtra.

SMART = State of Maharashtra Agribusiness & Rural Transformation.

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana insures crops against natural calamities.

Jalyukt Shivar focuses on making villages drought-free.

Loans are given to small businesses under Shishu, Kishore & Tarun categories.

: Ayushman Bharat offers free treatment under PM-JAY for poor families.

UP has a bicameral legislature; its upper house (Legislative Council) has a sanctioned strength of 100 members. Members are elected through various methods—MLAs, local authorities, teachers, graduates, and nominated. It functions as a revising chamber like the Rajya Sabha.

The Governor is appointed by the President under Article 155 of the Constitution. He acts as the constitutional head of the state. The appointment is generally based on advice from the Union Council of Ministers.

Uttar Pradesh sends 31 members to the Rajya Sabha, the highest among all Indian states. Rajya Sabha members are elected by MLAs through proportional representation. This reflects UP's large population and legislative size.

As per Article 173 of the Indian Constitution, the minimum age to become an MLA and thereby eligible for CM is 25. There is no separate provision for CM; he/she must be a member of the state legislature. Eligibility includes Indian citizenship and no disqualifications.

Govind Ballabh Pant served as the first CM of Uttar Pradesh from 1950 to 1954. He played a major role in shaping UP’s early administrative framework post-independence. Pant was also an active participant in India’s freedom movement.