Dudhwa National Park in Lakhimpur Kheri is part of the Terai Arc and is home to tigers, rhinos, and elephants. It is a critical part of India’s Project Tiger and Project Elephant. It is also rich in wetlands and grasslands.

The Terai belt, adjacent to the Himalayan foothills, has tropical moist deciduous forests rich in biodiversity. This region receives high rainfall and has fertile soil. Sal, teak, and bamboo are commonly found.

Under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy’s Solar Cities Program, Varanasi was selected as a pilot solar city. The aim is to reduce dependency on conventional energy. This includes rooftop solar panels and energy-efficient street lighting.

As per Article 243I, the State Finance Commission reviews financial positions of Panchayats and recommends resource allocation. It ensures fiscal devolution and autonomy at the local level. UP sets up a new commission every five years.

Article 243K deals with elections to the Panchayats and Municipalities and empowers the State Election Commission. The UPSEC conducts local body elections across the state. It is an autonomous body.

The PAC examines the accounts showing the appropriation of funds granted by the assembly. It ensures that public money is spent efficiently. Members are elected every year from among MLAs.

The Speaker is elected by the members of the Legislative Assembly from among themselves. He presides over the assembly sessions and maintains decorum. He plays a key role in legislative proceedings and decisions.

Article 165 provides for the appointment of an Advocate General for each state. He is the highest legal officer of the state government. The appointment is made by the Governor.

The Governor is the nominal head of the state and performs duties as per constitutional provisions. Executive powers are exercised in the name of the Governor. He acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers.

The CAG submits an annual Audit Report to the Governor of UP, who then lays it before the legislature. It reviews government expenditures and revenue collections. It helps ensure transparency and accountability.

Article 243D of the Indian Constitution provides for reservation of seats for SC/STs and women in every Panchayat. UP implements these reservations in accordance with this provision. It promotes inclusive and participatory rural governance.

The Tenth Schedule, added by the 52nd Amendment Act (1985), lays down provisions related to disqualification of legislators due to defection. This is applicable to both Parliament and State Assemblies. The Speaker decides on disqualification matters.

The UP Human Rights Commission was formed under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It looks into violations of human rights by public servants. The commission can recommend actions but doesn’t have binding powers.

As per the 91st Constitutional Amendment (2003), the total number of ministers in a state cannot exceed 15% of the legislative assembly’s strength. In UP, this limit is around 60 ministers. This provision curbs unnecessary expansion of the cabinet.

This act provides legal provisions for the functioning of Nagar Nigams and municipalities in UP. It outlines powers, responsibilities, taxation, and structure. It was amended in accordance with the 74th Constitutional Amendment.

As per the 73rd Amendment and Panchayati Raj Act, Zila Panchayats have a fixed term of 5 years. They manage rural development at the district level. Members are elected through direct elections by voters.

The UP Lokayukta Act was enacted in 1973 to investigate corruption allegations against public servants and ministers. It functions independently of the government. The Lokayukta is appointed by the Governor in consultation with a committee.

The Delimitation Commission periodically redraws constituency boundaries based on the latest census. It ensures equal representation to growing populations. The last delimitation was done in 2008, freezing changes until 2026.

Allahabad High Court is the highest judicial body in Uttar Pradesh and one of the oldest in India. It has a principal bench in Prayagraj and a permanent bench in Lucknow. It deals with constitutional and civil matters.

The Election Commission of India (ECI), under Article 324, is responsible for conducting assembly and parliamentary elections. State Election Commissions handle local body polls. The ECI ensures free and fair elections across India.

The Governor is the ex-officio authority of both houses and can summon, prorogue, or dissolve the Legislative Assembly. He addresses the joint session at the beginning of a new legislative year. He does not preside but has overriding constitutional powers.

Article 169 empowers Parliament to create or abolish the Legislative Council of a state by law. Uttar Pradesh is among the few states with a bicameral legislature. Any change requires a resolution passed by the state assembly.

UP has a bicameral legislature; its upper house (Legislative Council) has a sanctioned strength of 100 members. Members are elected through various methods—MLAs, local authorities, teachers, graduates, and nominated. It functions as a revising chamber like the Rajya Sabha.

The Governor is appointed by the President under Article 155 of the Constitution. He acts as the constitutional head of the state. The appointment is generally based on advice from the Union Council of Ministers.

Uttar Pradesh sends 31 members to the Rajya Sabha, the highest among all Indian states. Rajya Sabha members are elected by MLAs through proportional representation. This reflects UP's large population and legislative size.

As per Article 173 of the Indian Constitution, the minimum age to become an MLA and thereby eligible for CM is 25. There is no separate provision for CM; he/she must be a member of the state legislature. Eligibility includes Indian citizenship and no disqualifications.

Govind Ballabh Pant served as the first CM of Uttar Pradesh from 1950 to 1954. He played a major role in shaping UP’s early administrative framework post-independence. Pant was also an active participant in India’s freedom movement.

The UP Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) has 403 elected members, making it the largest state assembly in India. It represents constituencies across the entire state. This number was fixed under the Delimitation Act, 2008.